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Online ISSN : 2349-8080 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorinchiefijcrbp@gmail.com |
1Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Sciences,The University of N’Gaoundéré, Box: 454, Cameroon
2Conservative of the National Park of Benoué (CNB), Cameroon Ministry of Fauna and Forest, Cameroon
3University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
The biodiversity of the Bénoué National Park is subject to high anthropic pressures, responsible of the fragmentation of the wild fauna. The present study aims to i) study the different anthropic activities contributing to the parceling out of habitats of fauna, ii) show the evolution of the fragmentation of the vegetation in the study area, iii) study the influence of the anthropological activities on the floristic composition, the ecologic structuration and characterization of the vegetation of BNP and at last iv) propose some precautionary measures of the biodiversity of the park. A sample of 150 people was surveyed on the level of the villages (Banda, Bouck, Dogba, Gamba and Sackdjé) and 30 people on the level of the forest agents of PNB and from the administration. The satellite images were used to evaluate the evolution of the fragmentation of the habitat fauna. 48 squares of 20 m × 20 m were installed in four non-fragmented vegetable formations (pilot zones) and four fragmented vegetable formations for the record of the vegetation. Analysis of the data by Statgraphics plus 5.0, XLstat, and Excel showed that gold washing and transhumance (100%), poaching (77%), the exploitation of the wood of heating (57%) are the principal activities which split up more the habitat of fauna. The satellite images showed that the annual loss of surface of the dense vegetable formations and the opening of the landscape of the Park is estimated at 0.98% per hectare a year from 2000 to 2015. The impacts of the fragmentation of the habitat of fauna result in the threat of disappearance of the vegetable biodiversity The installation of the services of sensitization anti-poaching (98.33%), the sanction of the coalmen (97.08%), the installation of the local structures for management of the Park (95.00%), the creation of drillings in all the bordering villages (93.33%), the availability of the ecological guard, the means of conveyance. The functioning of the local committees of vigilance in all the villages (92.50%), the very strong implication of ministries MINFOF (96.67%), MINEP (79.66%), MINESUP (74.25%) and MINEPAT (71.33%) constitute the principal proposals for conservation and protection of the BNP.
