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Abstract                 Volume:4  Issue-5  Year-2017          Original Research Articles

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Phytochemical Screening and Toxicity of Lippia multiflora Moldenke, a Minor Aromatic Leafy Vegetable Consumed in Benin
H. W. Djengue1*, A. Dansi1,2,  M.F. Assogba4, H. Ahissou3, A. Adjatin1,2, M. Dansi1,2 and D. J. Gbénou4
1Laboratory of Biotechnology, Genetic Resources and Plant and Animal Breeding (BIORAVE), Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Dassa, University of Abomey-Calavi, BP 143, Dassa, Benin
2Institut de Recherche, de Formation et de Développement sur les Plantes Cultivées, les Animaux d’Elevage et les plantes Médicinales (IRDCAM), 071BP28, Cotonou, Benin
3Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry and Enzymology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FAST), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), P. O. Box 526 Cotonou, Benin
4Laboratory of Pharmacognosis and Essential Oil, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 P.O. Box 188, Cotonou, Benin
*Corresponding author
Abstract:

Lippia multiflora Moldenke, is a minor aromatic leafy vegetable mainly consumed in central Benin that belong to the country’s neglected and underutilised species (NUS). Extracts of its leaves and flowers collected from six different zones (Bantè, Dassa-Zoumè, Djidja, Glazoué, Savalou and Savè) were assessed for phytochemical composition and tested for cytotoxicity using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of almost the same phytochemical groups (cathetic and gallic tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, leucoanthocyanes, triterpenoids, mucilage, coumarins and the reducing compounds) in both leaves and flowers from all sites with variable abundances.  Alkaloids were found only in leaves while steroids, quinone derivatives and combined anthracene C-heterosides were identified uniquely in flowers. The nature and the functions of the compounds found justify the perceived medicinal values of the species. Extracts from both leaves and flowers showed positive action on shrimp larvae but with CL50 of (13.28±1.52 mg/ml for leaves; 0.46±0.05 mg/ml for flowers) superior to 0.1mg/ml, hence indicating the non-toxicity of Lippia multiflora.

Keywords: Leafy vegetable, Lippia multiflora, Phytochemical screening, Toxicity
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How to cite this article:

Djengue, H. W., Dansi A., Assogba, M. F., Ahissou, H., Adjatin, A., Dansi, M., Gbénou, D.J., 2017. Phytochemical screening and toxicity of Lippia multiflora Moldenke, a minor aromatic leafy vegetable consumed in Benin.Int.J.Curr.Res.Biosci.Plantbiol. 4(5): 77-84. doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrbp.2017.405.011
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