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Abstract                 Volume:4  Issue-3  Year-2017          Original Research Articles

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Effect of Different Sowing Date on Yield Losses in Ten Winter Wheat Cultivars Caused by Aphid Infestation
Sardar Said Amin* and Faraidun Muhammad Hama Faraj
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
*Corresponding author
Abstract:

Present experiment was conducted to study the impact of aphid population aphids on ten different varieties/ lines of winter wheat planted at three different sowing dates. Samplings were done weekly from 10 randomly taken plants from each planting. Aphid population increased gradually during January in the first, second sowing dates and during February in the third sowing date. Aphid population increased exponentially from end of February to end of March and declined from end of March to the beginning of April on wheat planted on all these dates. Mean aphid population was higher on second sowing date as compared to that on first and third sowing dates. The second sowing date found to be more favorable for aphids populations in wheat fields in the study area. Last week of February was found to be very favorable for aphids in wheat fields in this study. Third week of February was found to be the most suitable period for the presence of aphid in wheat crop. The results of the present study showed strong differences in aphid infestation density probably because of different weather conditions. The mean number of aphids per plant was higher on wheat line Sham6 (23,33 aphids per plant), which was followed by Aras (19.67 aphids per plant), Sabir beg (19.33 aphids per plant), Adana (16.33 aphids per plant), Tammoz2 (16.00 aphids per plant), Holandy (11.33 aphids per plant), Mariboss (7.67 aphids per plant), Ritmo (7.33 aphids per plant), Hereford (6.33 aphids per plant) and Skalmeje (4.67 aphids per plant). More precise data relating the effects of aphid population on the thousand kernel weight (TKW) in wheat varieties have been obtained from different sowing dates. Based on these data, TKW were significantly and negatively affected by aphid population in the  cultivar Aras  and  Sham6 which were assessed as susceptible, whereas the cultivars, Skalmeje, Ritmo and Hereford as resistant  to aphid population. On the basis of experimental results it is concluded that different sowing dates of   wheat crops could provide additional information about selection of both resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars to aphid population.

Keywords: Aphid population,Sowing date,Winter wheat,Yield loss
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How to cite this article:

Sardar, S. A., Faraidun Muhammad, H. F., 2017. Effect of different sowing date on yield losses in ten winter wheat cultivars caused by aphid infestationInt.J.Curr.Res.Biosci.Plantbiol. 4(3): 23-32. doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcrbp.2017.403.003
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